Transforming the Patient-Pharmacist Relationship in Libya: A Perspective on Digital Health and AI Integration

Abstract

The Libyan health sector faces structural challenges in regulating the patient-pharmacist relationship, most remarkably the overlapping roles in prescribing and dispensing medications, and the weak implementation of drug scheduling systems, which could pay attention to patients’ quality of life. This study aims to propose an integrated framework for regulating this relationship, grounded in recent technological developments and international standards, while respecting local specificities. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach by reviewing the literature, previous studies, and media on the realities of pharmacy practice in Libya, analyzing recent national initiatives (such as the electronic insulin dispensing system), and aligning these initiatives with World Health Organization guidelines and pharmaceutical regulations in Arab, European, and American contexts. An integrated "Safe Dispensing" framework (Sarif Aaman integrated system) was established, built on five pillars: (1) Separation of prescribing and dispensing roles of the caregiver, (2) Implementation of a national drug scheduling system, (3) Expansion of the electronic system to cover all medications, (4) Legislation of an obligatory or commitment charter on the rights and duties of patients and pharmacists, (5) Incorporation of AI tools. Conclusions: The proposed framework is a viable solution that addresses current regulatory gaps, enhances patient safety, consolidates the pharmacist's professional role, and aligns with international standards, including those of the FDA, EMA, and WHO. Recommendations: It is recommended that the framework be adopted gradually, beginning with a pilot phase in the possible three main regions in Libya focused on high-risk medications, while developing digital infrastructure and continuous training programs for pharmaceutical personnel.