Ovarian Cancer Therapy in Transition, Innovation, Update, and Challenges: A Review Article

Abstract

Ovarian cancer continues to be one of the deadliest cancers in women, with a poor prognosis despite many therapeutic advances; it has an ominous outcome. In the last decade, a giant leap in ovarian cancer therapy was made, which has reshaped ovarian cancer management and given hope for improved survival odds in some of the affected population. An online search was conducted through an electronic repository to find up-to-date reports and studies regarding newer and innovative therapies in ovarian cancer. We collected data regarding the method of action, efficacy, patient demographics, side effects, and suggested future work to address research gaps. Six therapeutic strategies were identified and discussed and comprehensively compared, including [Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) Inhibitors, Anti-angiogenesis Drugs, Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs), Oncolytic Viruses (OVs), and Cancer vaccines]. The analysis identified key areas that require attention, including biomarker development, rationale for combination therapy strategies, mechanisms of resistance development during treatment, immune modulation methods, and preventive approaches for ovarian cancer. Future studies are warranted to address the current gap in knowledge and validate optimistic cancer research results, especially for high-risk patients, to reduce ovarian cancer burden and improve survival odds.