Preeclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction as Warning Signs for Maternal Cardiovascular Disease in Later Life

Abstract

Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the primary cause of mortality for women. Even though conventional risk factors raise the risk of CVD in later life, pregnancy-related problems also affect a woman's potential risk of CVD. Specifically, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, vasospasm, and hypercoagulability are mother defects that lead to preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR) as well as placental dysfunction and maternal cardiovascular maladaptation to pregnancy. Certain pregnancy problems and CVDs may share pathophysiologic mechanisms. This analysis sought to show how certain unfavorable pregnancy outcomes are linked to subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and how crucial it is to take a woman's pregnancy history into account when determining her risk for CVD. We also intended to draw attention to the part that maternal cardiovascular maladaptation plays in the emergence of particular pregnancy problems like FGR.