Effect of Hyaluronic Acid Gel on Postoperative Outcomes Following Mandibular Molar Extraction: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Tooth extraction, particularly mandibular molars, is one of the most commonly performed procedures in oral surgery. Despite its routine nature, it is often associated with postoperative complications such as pain, swelling, infection, and alveolar osteitis, which may negatively affect patient recovery and quality of life. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) gel on postoperative outcomes following mandibular molar extraction, particularly pain, infection, and healing. A case-control study was conducted on 100 patients undergoing mandibular molar extraction. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: a study group (n = 50) receiving intra-socket HA gel and a control group (n = 50) receiving standard postoperative care. Postoperative outcomes were assessed at 3 and 7 days. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, with significance set at p < 0.05. The HA group showed a significant reduction in postoperative pain compared to the control group (p = 0.01), with no cases of severe pain reported. Infection rates were also significantly lower in the HA group (p = 0.03), and dry socket was observed only in the control group. No significant differences were found in emergency visits or postoperative medication use. Hyaluronic acid gel significantly improves early postoperative outcomes following mandibular molar extraction. It is a safe and effective adjunct for reducing pain, infection, and complications.