Review on the Imipenem resistance in patients with E. Coli and K. Pneumoniae infection in Iraq

Abstract

This article aimed to review the resistance mechanisms in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and to conduct a comprehensive study of previous studies in all governorates of Iraq on the resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem using different clinical samples. The study demonstrated the prevalence of imipenem resistance in clinical isolates of E.coli and K.pneumoniae collected from different locations in Iraq. The results indicate an increase in carbapenem resistance rates in Iraq primarily driven by the production of carbapenemase enzymes, including New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC). The study emphasizes the urgent need for comprehensive strategies, including enhanced surveillance, judicious use of antibiotics, and implementation of infection control measures, to mitigate the growing threat of carbapenem resistance in Iraq.