Breast Cancer Awareness and Attitudes Toward Breast Self-Examination among Young Females: The Gharyan Experience and the Need for Review

Abstract

Global research continues to reveal a critical gap in breast cancer (BC) awareness. This study was conducted in 2013 during educational activities in the Gharyan governorate of Libya as a cross-sectional survey. It assessed BC and breast self-examination (BSE) awareness, BSE practice, and attitudes toward BSE among school and collegiate female students and teachers. A total of 1,027 participants were targeted, and the findings showed 97.4% awareness of BC, 42.3% awareness of BSE, 13.4% practice of BSE, and only 3.2% regular practice of BSE. Among those aware of BC, 97.7% expressed interest in learning more, 94.2% demonstrated willingness to acquire proficiency in BSE, 88.0% showed willingness to educate others about BSE, and 85.9% expressed willingness to participate in BC awareness activities. The first three attitudes appeared to be driven primarily by BC awareness. However, education and awareness of BSE were identified as independent predictors of willingness to learn and become proficient in BSE practice. Employment status was an independent predictor of positive attitudes toward educating others, while having a family member affected by BC was an independent predictor of willingness to participate in awareness taskforces. Selective targeting of these proactive groups in future initiatives may enhance program effectiveness and optimize resource utilization.